Julie Bettie s Women Without Class Girls, Race, And...

Julie Bettie is a well-known sociology professor at the University of California, Santa Cruz for her study of feminism, cultural politics, gender, sexuality, race, and ethnicity. In her book, Women Without Class: Girls, Race, and Identity, the author Julie Bettie gives a detailed representation of senior high school girls at a California high school. The book explains the ways in which class identity is created but also how social class alongside gender and race are crucial to ending inequality. Bettie mentions that girls are, in reality, engaged in an intricate process of identity formation that defines their choices and carves their futures, she also points to structural and past forces that form the lives of modern-day young women which include the increase of low-wage jobs, changes in family, and changing laws and bilingual education. As part of her research method for the book, Julie Bettie spent about a year observing and interviewing with more than 60 Mexican American girls an d white girls from middle-class families asking them about various subjects like school, family, friendships, college, popular culture, and their plans for their futures. She named the school â€Å"Waretown High School† in order to respect the students and people at the school. Her research revealed that class differences are part of our everyday lives however it is uncommon to talk about it openly. She talks about how class differences are one of the key sources to middle-class practices ofShow MoreRelatedCauses of Loitering Problems10544 Words   |  43 Pages565  © Sociologickà ½ à ºstav AV ÄÅ'R, v.v.i., Praha 2011 The Formation of Identity in Teenage Mall Microculture: A Case Study of Teenagers in Czech Malls* JANA SPILKOVà  and LUCIE RADOVà ** Charles University, Prague Abstract: Geographies of children and youth are a surprisingly neglected research topic in the transforming (post-communist) countries, where many societal changes are taking place. This article introduces a research project that focused on teenagers and their leisure-time activities, concentrating

International Comparison As An Effective Public Policy Tool

International comparison as an effective public policy tool: Significance of using comparative methodology in Higher Education The world undeniably becomes â€Å"smaller† and â€Å"tighter† due to the prosperity of technology and economics, by population movement, information exchange, as well as physical and virtual good trade-offs. In order to be successful when facing the opportunities and challenges in the global and informational age, it is not only helpful but even necessary to use international comparison as an effective public policy tool for administrators and policymakers in the field of Higher Education. Without using international comparison, the educational development speed and potential might be decreased, possible problems happened in other countries might be repeated in our country with large scales of cost and the whole country’s international soft strength and competitive capability might be threatened because of comparatively less competitive human capital, which is mainly produced from higher education. International comparison can be of great assistance in public policy making. (1) It can help deepen the understanding of our own educational system and practices by exploring the similar and different features of both systems to compare. (2) Besides, it can help reexamine potential theoretical and practical issues happened in our country, by using quantitative and qualitative methods to evaluate data, experiences and etc. from another country or countries. 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Tourism Systems of Clipper Bay-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Tourism Systems of Clipper Bay. Answer: Introduction In ancient times, the revitalization of economy and growth meant conquering the new land and plowing out new resources from that particular area, which has changed in the present times (Burayidi, 2013). Now, it means to the development and growth of society and community within the defined borders of land. Under economy development, if the growth of society is not considered, then it will lead the resources to depletion and people to distress. This report includes the economic revitalization thorough tourism at Clipper Bay. Clipper Bay is the area that has the population of 5000 from three different generations and it has the economic capacity for development because of livelihood purpose of its people, such as; rich heritage and fishing that has been kept still alive by the community people. The government in this area thinks that tourism will be profitable in finding new opportunities. This report examines the development approach for enhancing tourism at Clipper Bay (Aina, Babatola, 2015). There are different factors, which may impact the tourism, such as; economic, socio-cultural and environmental factors. Moreover, it describes a sustainable approach, which can be practiced for the development of tourism at Clipper Bay, i.e. responsible approach. Furthermore, it includes the discussion about different stakeholders, who are related to the economic revitalization through tourism activities at Clipper Bay. Approach for Development Looking at the requirement of economic revitalization for the society to consider the problems of transformation, to safeguard the community from economic decrease and reduction of resources and to prevent the natural and cultural heritage from failing with the development in population, it was essential to plan a development project for the society of Clipper Bay. The people in the city need revitalizing their economy by enhancing the industries, commercial areas, corridors and highways (Arch Daily, 2010). In todays competitive business world, the entrepreneurs need to make efforts to encourage the local culture and different businesses for improving the quality of life within the area. The governments can execute a better development approach by engaging the community people and other people, who are very much concerned about the justified outcomes. Under this development approach, first, it is very significant to identify the business industries in the town as a major part of this economic revitalization. In this area, fishing industry is the major industry that is the reason of peoples livelihood. So, this industry can be considered for the enhancement and development. Apart from this, two other sectors, i.e. farming and agriculture can also generate the more income of the future generation. The authorities in the town should look at these two industries and enhance their domestic culture and tourism by creating more revenues (Burayidi, 2013). This development approach will assist in economic renewal. In addition, the government should conduct community awareness program and plan to make the people aware. It is very important that public at Clipper Bay is attentive of their well-being and towns development. At Clipper Bay, the travel and tourism managers should twig an instruction board at tourist attractions, which should be monitored by all the tourists. Under this development approach, the government should include all the related parties in economic revitalization procedure (Crde nas-Garca, Snchez-Rivero, Pulido-Fernndez, 2015). Cost Benefit Analysis Cost benefit analysis is a significant approach, which can be executed for the economic development of the tourism processes. This is an analysis, which is implemented by the firm to make decisions in diverse circumstances, where it has to create an investment plan is estimated to produce substantial benefits and costs, which cannot be used through transactions in market (Chathoth, et al, 2014). At Clipper Bay, if the cost benefit analysis will be executed, then it will help the authorities to focus on significant factors of tourism development or their positive and negative impacts. At Clipper Bay, the tourism management will apply cost and benefit analysis by considering different aspects, such as; pool of labor, ease of access and resource availability (Chiu, Lee Chen, 2014). Availability of Resources The visitors from all over the world travel to Clipper Bay for exploring its natural attractions. The people travel from different urban locations to get relaxed from their busy life. The government can make investment on establishing hotels and resorts along with the coastal area to provide enough water supplies to the travellers and tourists. Thus, at Clipper Bay, eco-tourism can be conducted by bringing the travellers to lime stone caves and go for the camping in forest areas. Ease of Access The travellers can approach to the area of Clipper Bay via road, which will reduce their travelling time. The government will increase the number of busses after constructing the highways. By this, it may be possible that population may confront the problem of overcrowding, when the number of travellers to Clipper Bay will be increased. At Clipper Bay, two way coastal roads can practice as an appropriate way to make control on the guests and tourists. Thus, building highways and roads will be very advantageous for the town. It will give various benefits to the development of city in the timeframe of next few years (Eusbio, et al, 2016). Pool of Labor Pool of labor is another factor, which can be utilized in cost benefit analysis. The population at Clipper Bay is engaged in fishing business and they may have battle for the tourism development of the Bay. Under this process, tour operators may face several problems because there is a small pool of labor with the limited settlement of capacity. These managers will require making the public aware to evolve them with ability and understanding about the eco-tourism and hire the workers from nearby towns. In this way, these three factors demonstrate that this is an appropriate way to choose tourism as effective source for Clipper Bay town along with these circumstances (Fennell, 2014). Sustainable Approach The approach that can be used at Clipper Bay is Responsible approach of tourism. At Clipper Bay, tourism has been chosen for economic renewal, so it will implement this approach. Responsible tourism approach is a policy that aims to ensure that clients and authorities work in a way, which is culturally, socially and environmentally sound. This approach involves all the parties and external stakeholders in the tourism revitalization activities. This approach will focus on the point that all the parties and external stakeholders are equally accountable for the process of tourism development and growth. By applying this mechanism, different divisions will perform the processes by establishing the goals of making the town better to live and to explore. It will be advantageous for economic renewal at Clipper Bay (Grunwell, 2014). This approach will assist in improving the tourism sector at Clipper Bay and it will definitely rejuvenate this town area economically. Moreover, it will decrease the adverse effects of socio-cultural, economic and environmental factors and provide economic advantages to the local population of Clipper Bay. Infrastructure Plan For the tourist place like Clipper Bay, the fundamental infrastructure includes the hotels, highways, roads, electricity, parks, buildings, hospitals, towers and other structures, which support development of tourism. At Clipper Bay, the government will implement the Geographic Information Mechanism for transforming its infrastructure program. It will include different components, like; planning network for transportation and different zones, visitors division etc., which will assist the concerned department in managing all the areas of tourism. By doing this, they can communicate with all related parties, like; visitors, transportation people etc. (Kim Seo, 2014). Next stage under this plan will be zoning that will consist of different zones of town, which will be considered according to the interests of travellers. In addition, it will make efforts to connect all the zones via road networks. Superstructure In the area of travel and tourism, sustainability and effectiveness of implemented changes cannot be monitored without improving its superstructure, so there is a requirement of enhancing the components of superstructure. At Clipper Bay, this superstructure can comprise of several facilities, which are provided at the tourist attractions in the town (Leigh Blakely, 2016). The major facilities of its superstructure consists of hotels rooms, medical facilities, showers, rescue teams and centers, changing rooms for the people, security team and security towers and food stores with different menus. Stakeholders In the sector of travel and tourism, stakeholders play a critical role. Under this economic revitalization, there may be many stakeholders in the industry at Clipper Bay. These stakeholders are, such as; domestic businesses, residents, employees, activist groups, tourists, tourism agencies, government, community and other related authorities. These all the external stakeholders will have their own duties and responsibilities in the development of eco-tourism at Clipper Bay. The below-given diagram shows all the stakeholders, who will execute these processes communally. All of these stakeholders will act for the benefits of public of Clipper Bay and tourist arrivals by creating awareness among people and satisfying their social and cultural responsibilities towards them. Economic Factors in Tourism Advantages There are some economic factors, which are beneficial for the tourism at Clipper Bay. These factors includes are stated below; Balance of Payment and Employment Opportunities: Along with this economic revitalization, there will be opening of new hotels, resorts and restaurants, which will increase the employment options for the people at Clipper Bay. This will offer direct employment for the local population of the city. The development in eco-tourism will improve both direct and indirect employment, when local entrepreneurs appoint more employees to handle the increasing requirements and demands of visitors (Ardahaey, 2011). Multiplier Impact: A multiplier effect is an effect that occurs, when the public starts to expand their funds on exploring different tourist places. At Clipper Bay, the tour managers will have the direct effect of multiplier, when they will earn cash from tourists. In addition, there will an indirect impact on local people of Clipper Bay, when they will sell their local food, i.e. sea food and earn wages from this service as a better outcome of tourism business. By this, people will generate a significant income, which will enhance their lifestyles and standards. It will make the economy stronger and enhance the tourism activities at Clipper Bay (Frey George, 2010). Disadvantages With the development in nations economy, the situation of inflation may occur at Clipper Bay. Increased number of visitors will expand the production and sales of local supplies. It will enhance the expenses of local population, which will affect the inflation adversely. Due to this, the local people will face additional costs and expenses on their living. Under this procedure, local authorities can make efforts to control the inflation by executing an effective approach, i.e. concretionary (Lee, 2013). Moreover, there is another disadvantage is the enhancement in employment options. However, it will be better for the local public, but it will make them switching from their traditional and local business, i.e. fishing to hospitality and travel sector. Socio-cultural Factors in Tourism Advantages Cross-Cultural Responsibility: Domestic people can show their lifestyles and culture to the tourists, coming to Clipper Bay. It will not allow the travellers to gain the knowledge about indigenous domestic people, but also these people will always be ready to spend mindfulness via being more informal. At Clipper Bay, the local population will possess the capacity to get the advantage when regular travellers start to show their interest and assist them in regular lifestyles and activities (Lu, Chi Liu, 2015). It will help in revolutionizing the eco-tourism and combine new and innovative things from other cultures. Exposure of Local Artworks: The local authorities at Clipper Bay should emphasize on the exposure domestic artworks of town. This disclosure will grow the number of tourists and visitors, who are reaching to the town because there is direct link between tourists and local population. With the increase in the awareness among people, there will be commercialization of artworks. In addition to this, the authorities can emphasize on the town with the traditional center to safeguard them and it will make sure that there are only local craft goods, which are sold at these centers. Protecting the heritage: There should be some changes in the rules and legislations, which are imposed on the tourist attractions at Clipper Bay. Government can use the collected taxes to establish a gallery in the town for young generation and visitors, so that they can know about the history. It will hire an instructor, who can protect the local heritage and culture and making it sure that there will not be pollution from industries, factories and vehicles (Mowforth Munt, 2015). Disadvantages There are some disadvantages of these socio-cultural aspects from the eco-tourism at Clipper Bay, which may impact the economic revitalization in the town. The tourists from different cities and states will be arriving to the town, which will divert the young generation from their routine life and work. It will cause loss of tradition because local people will ignore the fishing business for having jobs in hospitality industry. This will have huge impact on social and traditional aspects of Clipper Bay (Souza Lapa, 2015). Moreover, the area may face the situation of moral breakdown, such as; intake of smoking and alcohol, which can affect the religion in the town. There are some other disadvantages of these factors are such as; insufficiency of resources due to increased visitors at Clipper Bay. Environmental factors in Tourism Advantages There are some advantages of environmental factors in tourism at Clipper Bay. These aspects are stated below; Preventing the environment and its elements: This can be stated that this economic revitalization process will assist the government in protecting the environment and its components, like; water, air and living things. Under this process, the local authorities will make focus on allocation of needed land for parks for safeguarding the life of animals and other creatures. It will make the people secure by keeping the harmful animals in restricted area of these national parks (Sinclair-Maragh, Gursoy Vieregge, 2015). It will make efforts to protect the vegetation. In this way, these environmental aspects will help for improving the life of plants and wildlife at Clipper Bay. In order to revitalize the tourism in the town, the government will make environment-friendly and green initiatives in the town. It will definitely enhance eco-tourism and environment at Clipper Bay. Disadvantages Apart from the above advantages, there are some environmental factors, which will affect the tourism at Clipper Bay adversely. The area may confront the problems related to, air pollution, water pollution, noise pollution and soil pollution. Enhanced usage of transportation, such as; busses and planes will pollute the air in the city (Lynch, 2013). Because of increased tourism activities, there will be chances of mismanagement and wastage of natural resources, such as; water, land etc. In addition to this, there may be some environmental issues, like; pollution due to consumption of cigars, drugs and use of plastic bags. Conclusion Thus, it is hereby concluded that tourism can be a primary area for economic revitalization at the town, i.e. Clipper Bay. To attract an increased number of travellers, the government has made a plan to enhance the infrastructure, superstructure and attractions in the town. It has developed a well-organized plan to handle the future changes and to maintain the tourist attractions in the town. From the above report, it can be concluded that this economic revitalization at Clipper Bay will assist in increasing the job opportunities, enhancing tourism, improving the lives of local people etc. It states that it is good to focus on a single area for improving the economy of country. By revitalizing the economy at Clipper Bay, the town will be developed as a popular tourist place. At the end, this report consists of merits and demerits of above given factors, which are associated with the development of travel and tourism. References Aina, O. C., Babatola, O. (2015). CULTURAL TOURISM: A SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY FOR NIGERIA RURAL AREAS.Journal of Geography and Planing Science (JOGeP),6(1), 1-14. Ardahaey, F.T. (2011). Economic Impacts of Tourism Industry. International Journal of Business andManagement, Vol. 6, No. 8, pp. 206-215. Arch Daily. (2010). 36 Clipper Bay Home / FGR Architects. Retrieved from https://www.archdaily.com/96431/36-clipper-bay-home-fgr-architects. Burayidi, M. A. (2013).Downtowns: revitalizing the centers of small urban communities. Routledge. Crdenas-Garca, P. J., Snchez-Rivero, M., Pulido-Fernndez, J. I. (2015). Does tourism growth influence economic development?.Journal of Travel Research,54(2), 206-221. Chathoth, P. K., Ungson, G. R., Altinay, L., Chan, E. S., Harrington, R., Okumus, F. (2014). Barriers affecting organisational adoption of higher order customer engagement in tourism service interactions.Tourism Management,42, 181-193. Chiu, Y. T. H., Lee, W. I., Chen, T. H. (2014). Environmentally responsible behavior in ecotourism: Antecedents and implications.Tourism management,40, 321-329. Eusbio, C., Carneiro, M. J., Kastenholz, E., Alvelos, H. (2016). The impact of social tourism for seniors on the economic development of tourism destinations.European Journal of Tourism Research,12, 5. Fennell, D. A. (2014).Ecotourism. Routledge. Frey, N. George, R. (2010). Responsible tourism management: the missing link between business owners attitude and behavior in the cap town tourism industry. Tourism Management, Vol. 31, No.5, pp.621-628. Grunwell, S. S. (2014). How to revitalize a small rural town? An empirical study of factors for success. University-community collaboration with a small historic rural tourism town.Journal of Rural and Community Development,9(2). Kim, S. H., Seo, J. W. (2014). A study on mountain eco-village revitalization through social economic promotion.Journal of Korean society of rural planning,20(3), 21-31. Leigh, N. G., Blakely, E. J. (2016).Planning local economic development: Theory and practice. Sage Publications. Lee, T. H. (2013). Influence analysis of community resident support for sustainable tourism development.Tourism management,34, 37-46. Lu, L., Chi, C. G., Liu, Y. (2015). Authenticity, involvement, and image: Evaluating tourist experiences at historic districts.Tourism management,50, 85-96. Lynch, R. (2013). Economic revitalization.Public Management,95(2), 16-19. Mowforth, M., Munt, I. (2015).Tourism and sustainability: Development, globalisation and new tourism in the third world. Routledge. Sinclair-Maragh, G., Gursoy, D., Vieregge, M. (2015). Residents? perceptions toward tourism development: A factor-cluster approach.Journal of Destination Marketing Management,4(1), 36-45. Souza, L. H., Lapa, T. A. (2015). Revitalization process and Tourism activity at the" Bairro do Recife"(Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil): interpositions to human development in the context of sustainable cities and integrated conservation theories.Turismo e Sociedade,8(1), 124-144.

Business Environmental Factors-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the different internal and external Environmental Factors in the Industry. Answer: Introduction The following essay focuses on the different aspects of opening a new business in the modern complex business environment. The organization that has been chosen for this essay is the Future Guide Consulting. This is a start-up business and a hypothetical one. The topic for this business is the matter when it could be pursued if the funds, time and drive could be available. Some important topics have to be selected so that the matters responsible for its success could be identified. Discussion In this part of the essay, the topic of discussion is the different internal and external environmental factors in the industry (Craig Campbell, 2012). The important thing that should be mentioned in this section is the selected hypothetical business organization Future Guide Consulting will look to operate within the consultancy agency in Australia and therefore, it will look to expand its business in nearby countries as well. Business environmental factors are one of the most important aspects within the business industry that influences the standard operating procedures in the industry (Hill, Cronk Wickramasekera, 2013). It is a notable fact that consultancy industry is one of the fastest growing industries in the world and the need for finding jobs among the youth is increasing day by day (Hill, Cronk Wickramasekera, 2013). The consultancy is catering to this need of theirs. The vision they have in their sights is to become one of the leading business organizations in the consulting industry (L?z?roiu, 2015). They have around 10 experienced and qualified employees at their disposal and they want to build an effective and influential business organization depending on them. They want to build a good reputation by being preferred an organization who help to develop the business performance by the end of 2025. Internal business environments The internal business environment is an important issue to determine the proceedings of the business. The various tools like the SWOT analysis, Porters value Chain model can be considered to analyze the business environment of Future Guide Consulting. The business firms can be divided into two by the use of the value chain framework. These are primary activities and support activities. If the Porters value chain model can be discussed on Future Guide Consulting some things can be highlighted (Sivula Kantola, 2014). Support activities Future Guide has more than 3 stores in Australia in Melbourne and Sydney. They also provide the e-Commerce business. They have well-qualified and highly trained consultants to provide the best knowledge. They also tend to concentrate on the training and development of the consultants. If they use the technology, they can cut down the cost of operations and thus increase the accuracy of the outcomes (Sivula Kantola, 2014). They use the latest technology methods so that they can conduct the research and analyze them. They use certain social media marketing tools like Face book, Twitter and YouTube. They are using the relationship marketing by developing bonds with the other companies as well. They are sourcing the experienced and qualified consultants from the other countries. Inbound logistics They deliver their consulting services to the SMEs in Australia who are looking for growth. Operations The Future Guide provides their services via online programming and direct marketing. They offer various services to the clients when they come to the offices (Fearne, Garcia Martinez Dent, 2012). Marketing and Sales Future Guide has adopted the integrated marketing strategy with their clients so that they can deliver their services to their clients and build good relationships with them. Outbound logistics Future Guide increases their profits and market share by providing their services through online tools. They try to influence their customers (Fearne, Garcia Martinez Dent, 2012). Service Future Guide cares a lot about their clients and provides them best consulting so that they can gain the organizational growth. External environmental forces The PEST tool has to be discussed to concentrate on the external environmental factors (Jurevicius, 2013). Political factors They assure the tax advisory services and they maintain all the related legal frameworks related to the business within the industry, Economic factors The economic growth rate, sales and profitability of Australia has a negative effect on Future Guide. The GDP, inflation rate and interest rate of the country will affect the business (Jurevicius, 2013). Social factors The company will be looking to retain their skilled employees because they are the ones who provide professional services (Jurevicius, 2013). Technological factors The different technological innovation processes will improve the business proceedings of the company. The software, IoT and other technologies will develop the scenario. Conclusion This paper can be concluded by saying that internal and external factors have a huge impact on the progress of the company. The Future Guide Consulting will look to utilize the opportunities they have in front of them. They can also use certain marketing tools and techniques which will provide them with a better analysis of the business environment and widen their path of progress. References Craig, T., Campbell, D. (2012).Organisations and the business environment. Routledge. Fearne, A., Garcia Martinez, M., Dent, B. (2012). Dimensions of sustainable value chains: implications for value chain analysis.Supply Chain Management: An International Journal,17(6), 575-581. Hill, C. W., Cronk, T., Wickramasekera, R. (2013).Global business today. McGraw-Hill Education (Australia). Jurevicius, O. (2013). PEST PESTEL Analysis.Strategic Management Insight,13, 2013. L?z?roiu, G. (2015). The role of the management consultancy industry in the knowledge economy.Psychosociological Issues in Human Resource Management,3(2), 71-76. Sivula, A., Kantola, J. (2014). Combining crowdsourcing and Porters value chain.International Journal of Advanced Logistics,3(1-2), 17-26.

Reflective Report free essay sample

It is a representation of hat process within the chosen medium and reflection represented in writing, for example, will be different to that encompassed in a drawing. In other words, in making a representation of reflection, we shape and model the content of our reflection according to many influences. Factors that could shape your reflection into reflective writing might include: . The reason why you are writing reflectively (personal reasons e. G. In a diary or for academic purposes etc) . Whether others are going to see what you have written and who they are (e. . No-one else; a tutor who will mark it; tutor who will not mark it, friends etc. ); . Your emotional state at the time of writing, and emotional reaction to what you are writing (e. G. a disturbing event that you do not want to think about or something you did well and want to enjoy in the rethinking process); . We will write a custom essay sample on Reflective Report or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Related to the above, how safe you feel about the material and anyone seeing it; . What you know about reflective writing and how able you are to engage in it (see below) and so on.It is also worth noting that you will learn not only from the in the head reflection but from the process of representing the reflection itself. Also, you ill learn different things according to the manner in which you represent your reflection. For example, what you would learn from drawing a picture to represent reflections will differ from what you will learn in writing about the same content. It is a part of the process of writing reflectively to be as aware as possible of the influences that are shaping the writing that you actually do.What is Reflective Writing? We will start from what reflective writing is not. It is not: . Conveyance of information, instruction or argument in a report, essay or recipe; . Straight-forward description, though there may be descriptive elements; . A straight-forward decision e. G. About whether something is right or wrong, good or bad etc. . Simple problem solving like recalling how to get to the nearest station. In the context of your higher education programmer, reflective writing will usually have a purpose (e. G. O will be writing reflectively about something that you have to do or have done). It will usually involve the sorting out of bits of knowledge, ideas, feelings, awareness of how you are behaving and so on. It could be seen as a melting pot into which you put a number of thoughts, feelings, other forms of awareness, and rephrase new information. In the process of sorting it out in your head, and representing the sorting out on paper, you may either recognize that you have learnt something new or that you need to reflect more with, perhaps further input. Your reflections need to come to some sort of end point, even if that is a statement of what you need to consider next. It is also worth recognizing that reflective writing may be a means of becoming clearer about something. For example, you might use reflective writing to consider the kind of career direction that you might take. Into the melting pot you might then put ideas, information, feelings, other peoples perspectives and advice. A metaphor for reflection or its expression in reflective writing in this context is cognitive housekeeping to imply its nature as a sorting out, clarifying process.From what has been said above, it will be obvious that reflection is not a straight-forward and tidy process itself. When you have to represent the process for someone else to read, you will inevitably tidy it up but if a tutor is expecting reflective writing, s/he will not be looking for a dry single-track account, or just a conclusion. It is also all right to use the first person l in reflective writing. Let us assume that you are reflecting on a presentation that you have just done in class. We said, above, that reflective writing is not a straight-forward description.You will probably have to describe what you are about to reflect on and perhaps relate it to the purpose for which you are reflecting. But reflection is more than that. You might want to evaluate your performance in the presentation, for example. This may be represented by you questioning yourself, perhaps challenging yourself. You may consider your reactions, and even the manner in which you have initially viewed the situation and written about it. Your writing may recognize that others may have different views of the same event.So with regard to the presentation, you might think about the performances of others and so on. Some subject matter for reflective writing Reflective writing may apply to anything that is remotely complex, e. G. . How to go about your dissertation topic; . How well you wrote an assignment; . Experiences gained in your part time work; . What your essay title means and how to go about writing it; present some project work; how you want to behave differently in some context; . How to . The way in which your non-work activities relate to the programmer that . He quality of a relationship with someone (to do with your you are on; programmer or home or family.. .. ); . How well you got on in your programmer last semester; . Your process in solving a difficult problem (egg in academic work); . What you need to do to improve your study processes -Clean anything and everything.. . You will often find there to be unexpected rewards in working in this manner. You will find out things thou had not considered, you even mind that your academic writing becomes more fluent; you may find that you can solve problems more easily when you have reflected on your processing Of similar problems.The quality of reflective writing It is worth thinking of the quality of reflective writing as being on a continuum from rather superficial writings that are largely descriptive, to much deeper writings in which the questioning is more profound. Neither is necessarily right or wrong they are just different. Reflective writing will need be pitched according to the purpose for which the task is done. Those who are learning o become counselors and need to question their motives for the way they work will require to take a much more profound approach, for example, than most others in higher education programmed. The challenge is at least to go beyond descriptive writing. The questions below help to give a picture of the difference between descriptive and more profound reflection. Useful questions for prompting reflective writing These questions are prompts that may help you to start writing reflectively. There is no sense in which they are all to be addressed. They are there to help if you need them. Beyond going from fairly superficial and descriptive issues towards those that will encourage a more profound approach, there is no significance in their sequence. You pick what is helpful to you at the time. You may find that these questions are useful to you at the start of writing reflectively and then later you will not need them. We start with pure description that is not reflective at all for the reflective writing. Description: but sets the scene What is the issue / event / topic / plan project / task / period of time etc that is to be the subject matter of the reflection? Questions to facilitate reflection Out of the description, what is the issue / are the issues that could be addressed in reflective writing? These issues can be raised within the description or separately.

Canadas Northwest Passage and the Issue of Sovereignty Over these Waters

Canadas Northwest Passage and the Issue of Sovereignty Over these Waters Canada’s Northwest Passage and the Issue of Sovereignty Over these Waters A country’s sovereignty must be established early on because it gives the citizens and its leaders the right to know not only where they geographically speaking but also what is rightfully theirs, to use and to protect.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Canada’s Northwest Passage and the Issue of Sovereignty Over these Waters specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is therefore fitting that sovereignty can only be achieved if a country, its people and its government are able to demonstrate that there are able to occupy and use that particular geographic location. In the case of the Northwest Passage located in Canada’s northernmost border the Canadian government is forced by circumstances and recent events to assert their sovereignty over the said region. As a matter of fact over the past three years, Prime Minister Harper has made it repeatedly clear that he will do everything in his power to protect Canadian sovereignty in the Arctic. But truth to be told, the Canadian government does not have the resources to back up Harper’s rhetoric, at least not enough to convince the United States and Russia that they are serious with their claim. Overview It has to be clarified that the arctic lands â€Å"presently claimed by the U.S., Canada and Denmark are considered secure† (Grant, p.11). In other words there has never been any dispute with regards to these lands. The sovereignty disputes related to foreign rights of transit in adjacent waters specifically the Northwest Passage (Grant, p.11). The Northwest Passage is the term given to a sea passage that allows for a shorter trip between East Asia and Europe. It is specifically â€Å"a water route through the islands of northern Canada connecting the Atlantic and the Pacific oceans† (CBC News, 2006, p.1). It is a potentially significant region in terms of logistics, however, it is a passageway that is frozen most of the year. No shipping vessel can actually traverse this route except for a few heavily reinforced icebreakers. This explains why since the discovery of the Northwest Passage no one bothered to determine the sovereignty of Canada and as a matter of fact Canada does not need to assert sovereignty because the place is inhospitable and inaccessible. But the current weather phenomenon called global climate change is changing the way the words sees this sea route. Global climate change is said to cause the rapid and pervasive melting of Arctic ice. Scientists are saying that in a few more decades the Northwest Passage will experience long periods of time wherein it will be ice-free. This is not a small thing because using this route will reduce the distance traveled between London and Tokyo by more or less 7,000 kilometers or two weeks of travel time (CBC News, 2006, p.1). Commercial vessels can therefore fi nd it lucrative to use the Northwest Passage.Advertising Looking for essay on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In addition, there has been much speculation – based on discoveries made in adjacent areas – that the Arctic holds vast reserves of oil, gas and precious stones. This means that the United States, Russia, and even Denmark may find it this region to precious to ignore. In this regard, the lands above the North Pole belong to no country. There seems to be an unwritten rule that most countries around the world are in agreement. Nevertheless, there were recent developments that may change this view. For instance, a Russian scientist went there and placed a Russian flag under the seabed, stating that â€Å"the Lomonosov ridge connects its Arctic territories with the North Pole (Pilkington, 2007, p.1) Political analysts scoff at the idea pointing instead to Russia’s depleted oil re serves as the real reason why they are interested in the Arctic region (Pilkington, 2007, p.1). Aside from the Russians, the Americans have much to gain in the event that sovereignty over these waters cannot be established. The recent news of a piece of arctic land that became highly-valuable overnight because of costs of building oil rigs is one reason why the Americans would love to control this area. Furthermore, the United States is a military power and therefore additional passageway could increase their logistical advantages over their foes. One major point of contention is not only the ease at which U.S. icebreakers can cross the Northwest Passage but also the fact that U.S. submarines can travel subsurface and virtually undetected by the Canadian government. The Law First and foremost sovereignty is established through international law. Nations must agree of some specific set of laws in order to maintain stability. Thus, the law concerning sovereignty can be consulted to re solve this issue once and for all. According to law experts sovereignty is the power or title over a specific territory can be achieved by various means such as: â€Å"discovery, cession, accretion, subjugation, prescription or contiguity† (Grant, p.12). But there is one important thing to consider with regards to this rule, â€Å"If title was based on discovery alone it was considered inchoate† in other words it is undeveloped and temporary† (Grant, p.12). This means that sovereignty could lapse â€Å"if not followed within a reasonable time by effective occupation† (Grant, p.12). This is a real challenge for the Canadian government who is faced with the prospect of patrolling and managing not an ordinary piece of real estate but the Arctic where ice is a perennial fixture in the landscape.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Canada’s Northwest Passage and the Issue of Sovereignty Over these Waters specifically for you for o nly $16.05 $11/page Learn More The law seems to be on the side of the Canadians but there is one problem, they still have to convince other nations that indeed the Northwest Passage is theirs to control. The United States is one of them. According to one commentator, â€Å"Washington classifies the passage as neutral waters because it claims that Canadian sovereignty only extends a limited distance from the shore and it has outraged Canadian opinion by sending nuclear submarines through the strait† (Pilkington, 2007, p..1). The Canadian government must clearly demonstrate their intention to control the Northwest Passage and therefore gain sovereignty over this region. Harper’s Rhetoric Prime Minister Harper made a commitment to the Canadian people that he will safeguard their future especially when it comes to their claim in the Arctic region where the Northwest Passage belongs. Harper said, â€Å"Canada has a choice when it comes to defending our sove reignty over the Arctic †¦ We either use it or lose it† (Pilkington, 2007, p.1). Then he added, â€Å"And make no mistake, this government intends to use it† (Pilkington, p.1, 2007). Harper also made the announcement that his administration will build six to eight armed Arctic patrol vessels and a deep-water naval base on Baffin Island in order for Canada to assert control over the said passage (Dyer, 2009, p.1). But these projects remain the drawing board. Aside from the cost of maintaining a significant presence in the Arctic there is probably another reason why Canada will not commit a major portion of its resources to patrolling the Northwest Passage. The reason perhaps is that no one can be sure what exactly they are trying to safeguard. This is because talk about oil reserves and the profitability of Arctic shipping remains just like that, pure talk. According to one scholar who spend time analyzing this subject matter, â€Å"there is profound uncertainty su rrounding the search for hydrocarbons in the Arctic† and he added, â€Å"Arctic oil and gas will always be expensive to produce† (Griffiths, 1987, p.117). Due to the extreme weather in this region it is understandable why it is expensive to extract gas or oil and transport through long distances. Ambitious Plan It is easy to understand why Prime Minister has for the past three years engaged in rabble-rousing speeches with regards to the Northwest Passage. The Russians came tantalizingly close to provoking the Canadians while the United States seems to behave like a school bully every time their submarines using this particular sea route without permission.Advertising Looking for essay on government? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Harper is just doing his job as the elected leader of the Canadian populace he has the responsibility to think about the future of the Arctic region and Canada’s stake in it. He had to show the Russians and the Americans that he meant business and that they must think twice if they believe that the Canadians can be easily intimidated or ignored. But there is more. Harper is very much aware of the legal implications of dereliction of duty when it comes to asserting their sovereignty over the Northwest Passage. Harper know so well that if the Canadian government cannot show proof that they are actively patrolling and making investments in securing the area then country’s right to rule over this area can be lost. More importantly the neighboring nations will be emboldened to try to take away this precious possession. It has to be guarded and it has to be subjugated. However, there are many political analysts and scientists who are also aware of the fact that what the Cana dian government intends to do is something that is beyond their capabilities. First of all patrolling the Northwest Passage is not the same as patrolling a river, lake or shoreline. The men and equipment sent to this region will have to work under harsh conditions. This is just the beginning because one way to achieve active occupation is through â€Å"acts by government such as the provision of basic services, administrative structures for governance and enforcement of a nation’s laws and regulations† (Grant, year, p.12). These are activities that the Harper administration cannot afford to finance. One researcher who made it her life’s mission to study this region has this to say about the difficulties that they the Canadian government will face if ever they will support Harper all the way and she did it by describing life in the High Arctic and she wrote: The compelling beauty of the scene slowly gave way to one of incomprehension. How could three young men as sisted by two Greenlandic Inuit families possibly protect Canadian sovereignty in this remote and barren land, which has never been occupied by Inuit and rarely, if ever, been visited by hunting parties? Even the whalers had long departed. With a small wooden skill and rifles used for hunting, how could they do anything of greater significance than raising a flag on Beechey Island? Was it just symbolic? (Grant, year, p.ix) The picture that Grant painted is an inhospitable area that at present Canada is unable to subjugate and administer. But Grant is not talking about the North Pole, she is talking about a territory under Canadian rule and yet the government cannot even secure it without the help of Greelandic Inuits. How much more if the government mobilizes its troops towards the Northwest Passage where everything is covered in ice? In the past, plans to created sophisticated defence and monitoring systems were abandoned (McRae, 1994, p.1). Aside from monetary considerations the e nvironmental factors best explains why it is difficult to claim sovereignty over the Northwest Passage. It is not an exaggeration to say that Harper’s plan to assert sovereignty is simply too ambitious. Conclusion The Canadians may have discovered the Northwest Passage and therefore they can lay hold of it and assert their sovereignty. However, legal experts are quick to point out that sovereignty as a result of discovery alone is undeveloped or temporary. There must be active demonstration of subjugation and administration over these territories. This is the dilemma of Canadian Prime Minister Harper. He knows the rule of law and the need for the government to show the world that they have the capability to assert control over the Northwest Passage. This requires the building of sophisticated facilities that can effectively function under extreme weather conditions. This requires the mobilization of men into barren landscapes and sea routes frozen for the most part of the yea r. In the past these plans, including the use of submarines to patrol the subsurface traffic under the strait had been abandoned, obviously because of monetary reasons. Harper must continue his rhetoric but the Canadian people must be realistic when it comes to securing sovereignty over the Northwest Passage. They could only hope that climate experts are wrong in their predictions or else they can do nothing if other countries will challenge their claim. CBC News. The Arctic Grail. CBC Canada News, 2006. Web. Dyer, Gwynee. Northwest Passage will never be commercially viable. Straight.com, 2009. Web. Grant, Shelagh. Polar Imperative: A History of Arctic Sovereignty in North America. Quebec: Douglas McIntyre, 2010. Griffiths, Franklyn. Politics of the Northwest Passage. Montreal: McGill-Queens University Press, 1987. McRae, Donald. Arctic Sovereignty: Loss by Dereliction? Canadian Arctic Resources Committee, 1994. Web. Pilkington, Ed. Canada flexes its muscles in scramble for the Ar ctic. Guardian News and Media, 2007. Web.

Further Education Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Further Education - Personal Statement Example In studying, there is continuity of gained knowledge within the confines of class lectures, and outside it. As a result, I become a better rounded person who deals easier with the challenges of work and social demands. As I work and socialize better, fruitful interaction are expected, and in return, could help me shape up internally. Healthy communication gained from work and social environments results in a better-balanced psyche and body. If I could perform my job well and look forward to a better and more fulfilling job, then, it would translate into a good night sleep, inspired daily living, and smooth interaction with my colleagues at school. Bandura (1994) presented a very interesting phrase of "self efficacy" as an individual's "beliefs about their capabilities to produce designated levels of performance that exercise influence over events that affect their lives. Self-efficacy beliefs determine how people feel, think, motivate themselves and behave. Such beliefs produce these diverse effects through four major processes. They include cognitive, motivational, affective and selection processes." I personally perceive further education as a means to improve my efficiency, and in this way, I am confident that I can achieve a certain degree of success which I have conjured up in my ambitious mind so that as Bandura stated, "efficacy enhance

Human Resource Management Soft and Hard Practices Essay

Human Resource Management Soft and Hard Practices - Essay Example Human resource management involves several distinct but intersecting areas of administrative activity. The five wide functions of HRM are people resourcing, managing performance, managing reward, human resource development, and employment relations. Each of these will be discussed in detail below. To start with, people resourcing is making sure there is sufficient staffing for the present and future needs of the business through activities like human resource planning, induction, selection, recruitment succession planning, talent management, and the dissolution of the Employment affiliation (including managing redundancy and retirement). Second, managing performance is the process of managing a team and individual performance and the support of employees to the accomplishment of the goals of the organization, for instance, through performance appraisals and goal setting (Bratton & Gold 2012). Thirdly, managing reward is implementing and designing the pay and reward systems covering c ollective and individual, economic and non-economic reward, comprising workers benefits, pensions, and perks. In addition, employee relations is managing the communication and participation of employees in activities of the organization like decision making, managing workers welfare, handling union-management affairs (comprising collective bargaining and industrial action over the terms and conditions of hiring), handling employee discipline and grievance.

American Spending Patterns Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

American Spending Patterns - Research Paper Example These changes are often triggered by major life events, some of these life events include getting a job, getting married, having children or retirement. Our analysis of spending matters should focus on the following groups of American people College Kids Young Married Couples Families with young children Families with teenagers Older couples whose children have moved out Retirees We will also examine the impact hard financial times have had on the spending patterns of Americans. The rising uncertainty and increasing unemployment has likely has a significant impact and we shall analyze its ramifications in the concluding pages of this report to ensure that a broad and all inclusive picture is provided. Reference Person Factor: It is intriguing to note that 26% of the nation’s consumer units have a reference person under the age of 35, and they constitute around 23% of the annual consumer spending. In contrast, households headed by people aged 65 or above constitute only 15 perc ent of the annual spending despite making up 20% of the total households. Households that are led by individuals aged between 35 and 64 constitute 53 percent of the population and account for 63 percent of the annual consumer spending. College Kids Spending Habits: College spending is influenced significantly by branding (McCullough). Brands are a major part of the conscious and subconscious decision making process of young college kids. This behavior is largely a result of an inclination towards impressing peers and creating a lasting impact. The state of the young American mindset can be summarized by their penchant towards branded jeans, so much so that they are willing to pay $150 for a pair, college women carrying $500 Louis Vutton bags, and men wearing $300 Gucci Belts (McCullough). A large part of this behavior is influenced by the ubiquitous parties that students tend to attend these days. Often, students who spend hundreds of dollars on buying stuff for one party repeat the same for another party the very fnext weekend. The fear that people will recognize previously worn profits, leading to tirades or belittlement leads students to go out of their way to make unnecessary purchases. Shopping is also considered to be a unique form of therapy; students feeling depressed, sad, or indifferent go to shopping to make themselves feel better. This is a unique opportunity for marketers to capitalize on; it’s not that students have the need, they go shopping when they feel like. Other than increasing spending on clothes, students are also more inclined towards spending highly on fast food and latest electronics, including gadgets such as smartphones and tablets. Students, who can afford a car, are also spending their money on them. An important feature of student spending is that they are generally spending more than they earn, according to a survey conducted by Alloy Media and Marketing (McCullough). A significant portion of student spending is done on f ood, however the remainder is spent on cell phone service, entertainment and clothing. It is safe to say that media and celebrities are influencing student behavior substantially. The desire of becoming as acceptable and cool as celebrities leads students, who can afford to, to buy expensive designer clothes and apparel. TV programs show a lot of luxury lifestyle. There are several reality shows that depict such lifestyles and for anyone who can afford such luxuries, it becomes a necessity. Student spending on fashion and food has led to rising level of debt

Analysis Of Ulysses Lord Tennyson English Literature Essay

Analysis Of Ulysses Lord Tennyson English Literature Essay 1) Travelling is a significant symbol throughout the poem and it is clear that Ulysses has travelled for the ten years previous. This can be seen in lines 12-15, where Ulysses informs the reader of the different places he has been with different governments, people, and foods. When he returns home to Ithaca, he realises he needs to keep travelling in order to get the most out of life (Line 6). He compares life as an arch with which the untravelled world gleams through it. He describes where he intends on travelling as beyond the sunset, further illustrating that he wishes to travel places he hasnt been before. Another symbol of this poem is consumption. Ulysses spends his time as king of Ithaca eating and sleeping. He sees his people around him content with eating and sleeping day in day out, referring to them as a savage race and he loses his appetite for food. Ulysses says he will drink / Life to the lees which shows us that he believes that drink will not lead him to getting the most out of life. In line 12, we see his real hunger is for travel and knowledge where he says he has a hungry heart. The symbolism of animals also features in this poem, mainly in regard to the citizens of Ithaca, whom Ulysses refers to as a savage race, rugged, and in need to be subdued. He depicts his people to feed instead of eat and to hoard as if intending to hibernate. Ulysses, however, refuses to end up like them and regards himself as a type of predatory animal who hungers for larger prey, or better things in life, roaming the seas with a hungry heart. 2) In Tennysons poem, aspects of the character of Ulysses and narrative from other sources are adopted. The character of Ulysses was first introduced into literary history by the ancient Greek poet Homer in his works Iliad and Odyssey as the character of Odysseus, the Greek for Ulysses. The character was later used by poets such as Euripides, Horace, Dante, Shakespeare, and Pope. The story of Tennysons poem particularly alludes to the eleventh book of Homers Odyssey, where the prophet Tiresias foretells that Ulysses will return to Ithaca after a difficult voyage, then begin a new, mysterious voyage, and later die a peaceful, unwarlike death that come vaguely from the sea. Tennysons poem ends with Ulysses thinking of going on a new voyage. However, the story of Tennysons Ulysses is far more similar to the character of Ulisse from Dantes Inferno. In the 26th Canto, Ulisse speaks of how he set out with his men for one final journey of exploration to sail beyond the Pillars of Hercules and into the Western Sea. Ulisse was of the opinion that men were not made to live like brutes but to follow virtue and knowledge. Ulisses zeal for adventure, even at the expense of his family, is projected in Ulysses limitless desire for knowledge and travel: And this gray spirit yearning in desire / To follow knowledge like a sinking star, / Beyond the utmost bound of human thought. (3032). Tennysons poem may also allude to Shakespeares Halmet, where the mention of a savage race that hoard, and sleep, and fee, and know not me is echoed in Hamlets soliloquy that states man is no more than a beast if all he does is sleep and eat. Given these literary contexts, it is Dantes Ulisse that fits best with Tennysons Ulysses. This leads to the conclusion that Ulysses entire monologue is probably him remembering a part of his life while in Hell. 3) The poem alludes to only mythical historical events which are discussed in the previous section on the significance of literary texts in Tennysons Ulysses. 4) Ulysses is a seventy-line blank verse dramatic monologue and therefore does not contain a rhyming scheme. In the poem, Ulysses reflects on his situation through a dramatic monologue. He begins by rejecting his unsatisfying life he faces on his return to Ithaca, and then he fondly recalls his heroic past, recognises his son, Telemachus, as a good governor of people, and finally contemplates on plans for another journey. Tennyson uses a quite simple meter by keeping with the standard meter of English poetry of iambic pentameter for most of the poem. An example of which can be seen in line 70: To strive, / to seek, / to find, / and not / to yield. Tennyson also includes different beats to those of iambic pentameter, such as spondees. In line 36, each foot has two stressed syllables in a row: This la-, slow pru, and make mild. Tennyson also uses trochees, as seen in in line 7, Life to, and in line 46 Souls that, where the beats contain a stressed syllable followed by an unstressed syllable. By not using constant iambic pentameter, Tennyson makes the poem more realistic as a dramatic monologue, as somebody actually speaking. Tennyson utilises the assonance, the repetition of vowel sounds, to help establish the mood of the poem, as seen in the lines: Matched with an aged wife, I mete and dole / Unequal laws unto a savage race, / That hoard, and sleep, and feed, and know not me. In these lines, the e sound, which is strongly stressed in the first two lines and becomes a pattern in the latter part of the third, perfectly puts across the speakers dissatisfaction with his life in Ithaca. 5) In taking into account the symbolism, the literary context, and the form of Tennysons Ulysses I have gained a greater insight into the meaning of the poem. In my opinion, the poem captures the thoughts of a well-travelled man who is contemplating on acting on his desire to explore further even though his best years are behind him. We get the sense that after a life of challenging himself through his voyages, he cannot settle into the sedentary life his accomplishments have earned him. His determination to keep exploring and try new things is inspiring. As is his ability to admit he is not suited to the role of ruler over Ithaca and that his son is better suited even though they do things differently. The ending of the poem leaves the reader with an uplifting note of triumph as Ulysses and his crew set off on their final voyage of discovery together.

Visual Artists Transmit the Values and Beliefs of Society :: Visual Arts Paintings Art

Visual Artists Transmit the Values and Beliefs of Society European artists have transmitted the values and beliefs of the society in which they worked, through the art they produced. The values of the society at that time include the establishment and development of the colonies, the exploration of the country, as well as day-to-day living and hard work. The establishment and development of the colonies was important to the people at the time, as it was crucial for their survival and the advancement of the British Empire. Paintings made by artists were often sent back no England to attract and persuade people thinking of migrating to the new land. W.S Blake's painting, entitled 'A Direct North General View of Sydney Cove à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ in 1792' shows the advancement of the colony and its apparent success. The exploration of the country was greatly documented by artists of the time. Augustus Earle's painting, 'A Bivouac of Travellers in Australia in a Cabbage Tree Forest, Day Break', depicts the scene of the explorers. A group of travellers, accompanied by their native guides, presents the life of the colonial frontiersman. The painting 'Overlanders" by ST Gill, also depicts the image of the frontiersman The explorers are on their donkeys and Australia's landscape of dead timber and stunted grass trees is shown, representing the harsh and cruel land. The paintings 'Australian Landscape with Cattle' and 'My Harvest My Home', by John Glover depict the Australian rural and working scene. 'Australian Landscape with Cattle' shows the rural landscape of Australia. 'My Harvest My Home' shows the bountiful harvest that has been reaped. This painting represents a 'pioneer's paradise' and the growing prosperity of the land. The hard work that was undertaken around the gold fields is also expressed through the painting 'Gold Diggings, Ararat' by E. Roper. Roper shows the life of the people at these diggings, communities of

Plate tectonics Essay

Ever since the beginning on time, Humans believed the ground is solid and immobile. But this is not true whatsoever. The Earth is every-changing and continually in motion. The stability of the Earth is not at all what we think it is. Thinking about the rotational axis of the Earth, and possibly of what the Earth may become at a certain point in time, has a great influence on understanding all aspects of living things, either in the past, present, or future. The study of Plate tectonics is accredited to most of the creations of Mountain Ranges, the drifting of continents, earthquakes, and volcanic activity. Plate tectonics and mountains also play a big part in the geological features of our planet or any planet for that matter. Geophysics, which studies the physics of the Earth, has led to many important findings about the Earth and how it is made. Seismologic studies of planet Earth have revealed new information about the inside of the Earth that has helped to give new openings in understanding plate tectonics. The Earth is made of several significant layers. Each one of these layers has its own properties. The crust is the outermost layer of the Earth. The crust is made up of the oceans and continents. The crust has a fluctuating thickness, being thirty to seventy-five kilometres thick in the continents and ten to fifteen kilometres thick in the ocean basins. The crust is made up mainly of alumino-silicates (Fowler p472). The layer underneath the crust is the mantle, which is made up mainly of ferro-magnesium silicates. The mantle is approximately two thousand, nine hundred kilometres thick, and is separated in to the upper and lower mantle. It is in the mantle where most of the centralized heat of the Earth is located. Big convective cells in the mantle disperse heat and produce the plate tectonic processes. The core is the last layer of the Earth, which is broken down into the liquid outer core and the solid inner core. The inner core is about thirteen hundred kilometres thick and the outer core is about twenty-three hundred kilometers thick. A nickel-iron alloy mixture makes up the outer core, and the inner is almost all composed of iron. The Earth is separated in layers based on composition and mechanical properties. The top layer is the lithosphere, which is comprised of the solid upper mantle and the crust. It is divided into plates that move due to tectonic forces. The lithosphere floats on top of a semi-liquid layer that is called the asthenosphere. The asthenosphere allows the lithosphere to move around since it is much weaker (Tarbuck p605). Early scientist believed that one huge supercontinent existed over two hundred million years ago. The name for this supercontinent is Pangaea. Pangaea was broken in to several pieces, and each piece was a part of the lithosphere. They believed that the pieces of Pangaea formed the continents that we know of in present day geology. When Pangaea existed, the rest of the Earth was covered by an ocean called Panthalassa. Eventually, Pangaea split into two land masses, Laurasia to the north and Gondwanaland to the south. The theory of plate tectonics does in fact have an explanation for the movement of the Earth’s crust. The fact that Pangaea did exist could be quite plausible. Scientist also believes that as the Pacific Ocean is closing, a supercontinent may form in millions of years to come. In present day geology, we can consider Eurasia as a supercontinent because the Ural Mountains separate Europe from Asia and make a line of compression and change where the two continents smashed in to each other (Tarbuck p606). In 1620, Sir Francis Bacon wrote in his book Novan Organum and noted that the coasts of the Atlantic Ocean seemed to be parallel to one another. However, the plate tectonic theory really started to begin in 1915 when Alfred Wegener proposed the theory of continental drift. Alfred Wegener believed that the continents bulldozed through crust on the ocean basins, which would explain why most of the coastlines look like they could fit together. Wegener was not the first one to realize that the continents looked like they could fit together because Magellan and other early explorers noticed this also. However, he was the first person to realize that the Earth’s surface has changed over time, and that continents that are not together now could have possibly been joined together at some point in the past (Twiss p532). Many people were against Wegener’s theory because he did not really have an explanation for why the continents moved. During that time, geologist believed the Earth possessed these features because the planet went through periods of cooling and heating. Anti-mobilists were people that were against Wegener’s theory. People who were in favor of Wegener were known as mobilists because they had seen proof of continental movement in the Alps (Fowler p475). In a few short years, Wegener’s theory was denied. However, his theory was the first time the idea of continental movement was announced to the science community. His theory laid the foundation for the advancement in twenty-first century plate tectonics. Years would pass and more evidence became available to support the idea that plates were in fact in motion and changed over a period of time (Fowler p476). After the Second World War, more information was discovered which supported the theory of plate tectonics. In the sixties, a bunch of seismometers were installed to collect data on nuclear bombs, and these instruments sparked curiosity among geologists. It showed that volcanoes, earthquakes, and other features were along the Pacific Ocean and ran along the continents edges for the most part. It turned out that all of these edges became known as tectonic plates (Kearey 2009). Further studies showed a pattern of magnetic fields in the ocean basins. The rock basalt contains a lot of magnetic minerals called magnetite. The lava forms and cools and the magnetic minerals align with the North Pole. This proves that the Earth has gone through several magnetic reversals; this would not be possible if the lithosphere was not in motion. Since all of this has been discovered, plate tectonics has gained acceptance as the Earth processes (Kearey 2009). Plate tectonics is made up of the study the motion and change in the Earth’s crust. This is based on the theory that the lithosphere is divided into seven major plates and several minor plates, and they all move in accordance with each other. They also move in relation to hot spots, which is where mantle material comes up. The plate tectonic theory tries to tell us that the Earth’s crust moves over a period of time. The crust moves in a rigid way, which explains the change that we see. The theory is based on a few beliefs. New material is made by the spreading of the ocean floor and eventually become part of a plate, and motion of plates occurs only at plate boundaries. Plates are rocks that pretty much float on top of the asthenosphere. The crust has two types, the oceanic and continental; they both differ because of composition. The continental crust is made up of mostly granite. This brings us to the conclusion that the rocks have a lot of quartz and feldspars. However, most of the oceanic crust is made up of basalt. Basalt usually has other minerals like olivine and mafic minerals (Fowler p477). There are three types of plates, divergent, convergent, and conservative. Wide places of change are usually around plate boundaries because of the two plates colliding. We know that these boundaries exist because of their motions. One sort of plate is the divergent boundary. At this boundary two plates move apart. As they move apart it creates a crack in the crust and magma comes in to the ocean and cools. When the plates move, more and more crust is formed. Divergent boundaries are believed to be the reason for the plates moving. The formation of the new crust pushes the two plates apart, this is apparent in the mid-ocean ridge, which helps to move Europe and North America further and further apart. Mid-ocean ridges are mountains under water. They can even be as tall as mountains that are on land, this process is known as convection. Magma is pushed up by convection currents. Some magma erupts through the crust and some moves under the crust away from the ridge crest. The magma flows and helps move the plates away from each other to allow more crust to be created and to grow; this is called convection cells. We know this to be sea-floor spreading. The mid-ocean ridge plays a big part in the plate tectonic theory because of the minerals uniqueness within the basalt. It contains a lot of magnetic minerals that align with the Earth’s magnetic field when it crystallizes. In the past, scientist has known the Earth’s magnetic field to change. When the magnetic minerals align scientist can use it to date the crust. This plays an important role in the theory because it is first proof that plates were in fact moving and have been for almost Earth’s existence. We can use the magnetic information to prove that the plates are moving, and we can also determine that new crust is being formed and that the old crust was erased in a continuous process that has been going on for all of Earth’s past. The oldest crust ever dated is approximately one hundred million years old, which is quite recent in geologic time. This may lead you to question, where did all of the old crust go (Fowler p478). This brings me to my next discussion which is convergent boundary. A convergent boundary is when another plate overrides another plate, causing one plate to go underneath it. Most of the boundaries can be found in island systems and trenches. Most of the old crust goes in to these systems as new crust is formed at spreading centers. This explains why scientist cannot find any crust that date past the Cretaceous period. The old crust was destroyed by the process of subduction. Earthquakes are very active in subduction zones. The earthquakes occur because one plate slides under another. Although this movement is not visible, it has very strong effects on the Earth. The outer edges of the Pacific Ocean are referred to as the â€Å"Ring of Fire† because the subduction zones go all around the Pacific Ocean. Volcanic activity is also caused by subduction zones because when one plate goes under another it gets hotter. The reason it gets hotter is because it is closer to the mantle. When the old crust gets close to the mantle, it melts and forms in to magma. The magma eventually runs up through the crust and forms volcanoes. One good example of a subduction zone surfacing is the Aleutian Islands off the coast of Alaska (Twiss p536). When two plates collide, subduction zones do not always occur. Continental crust is less dense than oceanic crust, and when they collide, they do not run over each other. Instead, they kind of plow in to each other and create mountains. This type of boundary is called a collisional boundary. An example of two plates colliding is the Himalayas in India. The third type of boundary is the transform boundary. It is called this because plates are not destroyed or created, but they slide past each other. A good example of a transform boundary would be the San Andreas Fault in California. In California, the Pacific Plate and the North American Plate are sliding past each other. This is why many earthquakes occur in that region. The earthquakes occur because of the strain that the two plates exert as they slide past each other (â€Å"Historical perspective). The Earth changes in many ways, however there are three forces the cause change within the Earth. When these forces act, they create stress and they change the volume and shape of a material. The three main types of stress are shear, compressional, and tensional. Stress puts a lot of strain on the Earth which causes the change in rocks and the Earth’s crust. Compressional forces may cause a rock to compress or shorten. Tensional forces may cause a rock to become longer and pull apart. Shear forces can cause rocks to slip past each other (â€Å"Historical perspective). Faults are places where rocks have been broken and have been changed. There are three big types of faults. These are strike-slip, normal, and reverse. The stresses caused by motion of the plates build up over a course of time and ultimately cause the Earth’s crust to break when the rocks rub past each other. Usually when a fault happens, an earthquake occurs. Every plate boundary has some characteristic of a type of fault. Normal faulting can be affiliated with crustal extension. Normal faults can usually be found at divergent boundaries. Crustal shortening can be affiliated with reverse faulting. Reverse faults can usually be found at convergent boundaries. Strike-slip faulting is affiliated with sideways movement of the crust. These faults usually form at transform boundaries (Twiss p538). Even today, we are constantly reminded that the plates are in motion. One recent catastrophe caused by plate tectonics was the earthquake that happened in Haiti. Studies suggest that the earthquake occurred due to a strike-slip fault. The Caribbean sits on its own little plate and is surrounded on three sides by the bigger North and South American plates. Scientists believe that the North and South American plates are moving westward at approximately two to three centimeters per year. Based on the recordings of the earthquake, the Haitian quake seems to have occurred close to the Enriquillo Fault. The Enriquillo Fault is a big strike slip fault that runs across the southern border of Haiti. Scientists presume this is the fault that most likely ruptured because it is closest to the epicenter of the rupture. Although this was a big catastrophe for human life on the island of Haiti, it was not really unusual given the plate tectonic activity in that area. Unfortunately for Haiti, it is one of the most poorest and underdeveloped countries in the world. Its government was not really in the position to have any preparations in line for such a huge earthquake, and this caused thousands of people lost their lives (Kearey 2009).

Why do people watch reality TV

Why do people watch reality TV Are people dangerously disillusioned with their livelihoods such that they have to keep watching others on TV? This is a question that many scientific papers try to unravel as these programs continue to undo our civilized society. The shows are continuously attracting a large audience every new day. There are mixed reactions that explain such a rise. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Why do people watch reality TV? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The great quantity of the programs looks like they are as reliable as the seasons, with shows like the â€Å"American Idol† and some Soap Operas being more popular than any other time ever. Their imitations are proliferating the cable channels at an alarming rate. In the entire world, people are fascinated by the rising popularity of reality TV programs. This paper explores the reasons behind the popularity of reality TV programs. Advantages of reality TV programs To understand the reason why many people watch reality TV, it is imperative to analyze the advantages of these programs. Firstly, these programs can be informative and thought provoking (Hill, 2005). For instance, programs that deal with crime can educate people on the dangers that policemen deal with on a daily basis. Other programs that deal with health issues can help people, especially pregnant women, depict early signs of complications. It is possible for viewers to learn of the disease symptoms through the information gotten from some of the reality programs like Dr. OZ, for example. In these programs, viewers also identify themselves with the celebrities in the view that they will one day become ones. These programs provide people with an opportunity to showcase their natural gifts and make people aware of social causes. What is so appealing about reality TV programs? The greatest appeal that makes these programs so popular is that viewers feel as though they are real participan ts. Secondly, the suspense created by these programs makes viewers anticipate the next episodes. Especially the Soap Operas create a high level of suspense that makes viewers remain glued to their TV sets wishing to see the next move. Other programs, such as the American Idol, give their viewers toll-free numbers to participate by making their remarks. This has a great appeal to the viewers who would always want to make recommendations. Thirdly, most of these programs deal with the real life situations that people are facing. Thus, other individuals watch them as a way of trying to find means to come out of their flabbergasting circumstances in life (Hill, 2005). For instance, married men may watch reality programs that deal with cheating to find out tactics to deal with their cheating wives. Another appeal is that viewers are given a chance to compare their lives with those of the shows’ protagonists (they are able to blend fantasy with reality).Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More However, some reality shows promote poor behavior such as emphasizing just sexual aspects of dating as opposed to developing mature and loving relationships. This is a detrimental effect of the programs. At times such detrimental aspects can contribute to some social problems in the society. Conclusion Different people watch reality programs for various reasons, but the greatest of all seems to be the fact that these programs make the viewers feel as if they are part of the action. The above article explores the peoples behavior and the manner in which the programs affect their livelihoods, either positively or negatively. Reference Hill, A. (2005). Reality TV: Factual Entertainment and Television Audiences. London: Tailor Francis group.

Love in essays

Love in essays Love is defined as when you seek and foster the goodness of others in the context of their concrete situations. That statement can be interpreted in many different ways. There are many different types of love: self-love, friendship love, erotic love, parental love, love of nature, romantic love, and Gods love. Self-love is when you love yourself, not vainly, but just caring about yourself and you well being. Friendship love is when you and another person love each other in a platonic way. Erotic love happens when two people want to join together in union in both body and mind. Parental love is the affirmation parents make about their kids. Its an unconditional love because parents love their kids no matter what bad things they do. Love of nature is when you respect all of Gods creations, and nurture them. Romantic love is friendship love only on a much deeper level. The two people care about each other so much that they only want to be with each other. Gods love is the lo ve that God has for us. God made everything in his image and likeness, so obviously he loves everything on earth. The movie Forrest Gump depicts all of these types of love, some more obviously than others. Friendship love can be seen in Forest Gump most easily between Forest and Jenny. From the time they first met on the school bus, when Jenny let Forest sit next to her, they became friends forever. They grew up as best friends. They helped each other out when they needed it. They cared about each other. An example is when some local bullies were making fun of Forest and throwing stones at him, Jenny told Forest to run, he did, and then was free from the bullies harm. An example of when Forest was there for Jenny when she needed it was when Jenny was trying to get away from her abusive father. Jenny left her house and with Forest, went into the corn field. He was there to give her support and to try to make her...

Standards of Practice Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Standards of Practice - Coursework Example These laws and standards include maintaining of professional competence in practice, meeting educational qualifications and avoidance of engaging in professional misconducts such as practicing fraudulent activities, practicing without proper licensing and abusing patients. These studies will continuously update nurses on these issues concerning the legal requirements and put them in a better position to adhere to them. This will facilitate safer practice in nurses (Malloch & Porter-OGrady, 2006). Enabling nurses to get access to further studies puts them in a position to work as team leaders in their various departments in the healthcare system. The giving of nursing care to patients is a challenging task that involves a team effort. The healthcare sector is very dynamic since the diseases and other issues change rapidly depending on various factors such as climate and geographical locations. Furthering of learning by nurses will equip them with the relevant expertise to tackle these emerging

Hardware and Software Standardisation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Hardware and Software Standardisation - Essay Example From a recent survey done by Symantec involving 500 global companies, it was observed that nearly 50% of those companies "still struggle to manage complex infrastructure built on different hardware and software from different vendors". (Courtney) Upgrading and troubleshooting can be much easier with a standardised set of hardware. Configuring and installing patch upgrades to software also becomes simpler, easing the burden on network administrators. In a heterogeneous environment (i.e. one with many different hardware and software platforms) different expertise will be required for configuration and administration, thus increasing the complexity of administration. Cost reductions are possible due to bulk purchasing. Hardware can be purchased at discounts when buying in multiple units. Software licensing costs can be reduced by applying for volume licensing. Instead of getting per-seat licenses, companies can negotiate for flat licensing schemes which do not depend on the number of seats. (Schweitzer) End user training becomes much simpler with a standard set of software. The support staff finds it easy to troubleshoot queries from end users resulting in minimum disruption for work. Moving within divisions and branches will be without the pain of learning a new set of applications every time an employee changes location. Quick troubleshooting turnar... Installation of licensed software eliminates most problems caused by defective pirated software, lack of documentation and technical support. (Why a License Matters). These benefits indirectly increase the stability of the network. However, standardization is not without its drawbacks. Single vendor lock-in, vulnerability to buyouts of vendors and inability to support varied needs and platforms of certain staff such as designing and publishing staffs are the possible drawbacks. (Schweitzer) The last drawback of not being able to support varied requirements of end users can be reduced to a certain extent by having multiple load images. A load image (or a boot image) is a type of disk file which typically "includes the operating system, utilities and diagnostics, as well as boot and data recovery information" (Boot image). Different boot images can be bundled together with specific application requirements of different user groups. As such, maintaining multiple load images as apposed to a single image can be advantageous. (III) Licensing As noted earlier, software standardisation helps companies to manage their software licensing. The benefits are two fold; cost reductions and ease of administration and liaison. As a result, organisations can fulfill their ethical obligations by abstaining from software piracy and can also guard against severe penalties enforced by stringent piracy laws. Abiding to software piracy laws and proper licensing of all software applications helps a company to become a member of the Federation Against Software Theft (FAST), a professional body formed to combat software piracy. FAST is very strict about its members adhering to the code of conduct put forward by them. Members get a range of benefits including education,

Development task 2... assignment with label sketch - 3

Development task 2... with label sketch - Assignment Example The depth of the concrete has to be greater than 500 millimeter. From ground level, the depth of the concrete must be greater than 1500 millimeter (Cyril, 2003: 110). Since the ground condition has firm clay, therefore there is a need to consider the depth of foundations. Clay exhibits the property to shrink or contract depending on the moisture content present in it (Kenneth, 1993:25). At the same time, if the surrounding area has trees, there is a possibility that the trees would absorb the moisture from the clay and hence, the foundation may experience settlement to a significant level. For this case, it is essential to consider the depth of the foundation. A trench fill foundation is thus ideal for this type of site condition. Research suggests that â€Å"trench fill foundations are quicker to prepare than deep strip foundations. This means that there is less disruption once the building work starts and not as much labour time will be needed. It is less likely that subsidence will occur in cases where there may be changes in the soils substrata† (Mosley & Bungey, 2000, 48). The site has different ground conditions and has different soils. Thus, it has a weak bearing capacity. For this purpose, the ideal foundation would be strip, grid or mat foundation. In this case, the suggested foundation is mat foundation. Because of varying ground conditions, majority of the isolated footings would have large areas and thus, it would become uneconomical (Terzaghi et.al, 2006, 256)l. According to the British Code, â€Å"Where the subsoil is very weak the load needs to be spread over a greater area. This is achieved by casting a slab of concrete over the whole ground area and thickening the slab where walls are to be placed†(Perry & Perry, 2009, 118). The design of any reinforced concrete structure aims at a suitable and economical design and for this purpose, mat foundation is ideal. A mat foundation is often used by designers when isolated footings may

Breathless Reaction Paper Essay Example for Free

Breathless Reaction Paper Essay Katherine Paler- Rivera According to the many articles and film history that I read, this is the first feature film directed by Jean- Luc Godard who was considered the influencial director that started the French New Wave. And based on our lectures, what makes the French New Wave famous was the technique like jumpcuts, shooting on location, using handheld cameras, loose narrative form or improvised dialogue. Godard also uses the history of cinema art and music. He also includes pictures in posters of famous artists like Picasso and Renoir women. The music in the soundtrack also includes Mozart’s clarinet concerto and French pop radio. The entire story started when the character of Michel Poiccard which Jean Paul Belmondo portrays, has stolen a car. While he was driving he passed by two hitch hikers and decides to decline for the thought they were far too ugly for him. Then suddenly, he realized that the cops was behind him. He hid on the side of the street. Thinking he got away he feels relieved. But suddenly a cop found him. He was shocked and unconsciously because of his instinct killed the cop. It was not shown how he shot the cop, it was suggested because the next scene, the cop falls down in the bushes. Then he runs away in an open field. In Paris, he called up somebody on the phone but no one is answering. Then he bought a newspaper from a boy in a bicyle, browse it a bit then head to an apartment employee asking for that somebody. He just took the keys when the man was not looking. Next scene he was inside the room. He just had a quick time in the wash room to freshen up. He was looking for money in the drawer but he was disappointed. He took a newspaper, read a bit then rubs in in his shoes. Then a some girl opens the door and let him in. The room was full of posters of girls. He was asking for money. While the girl was changing, Michel easily took the money in her wallet. Then in the next scene he was on the streets looking for a girl. It was Patricia Franchini who was portrayed by Jean Seberg. She was studying journalism whom he had met in Nice a few weeks earlier. She was selling New York Herald Tribune. Michel was having a conversation with him about what had happen in their stay in Nice, his women and their plans. He asks for a copy of the newspaper but return it once he realized it had no horoscope. They were planning to see each other on the same same street when the day ends. When they parted, he saw a newspaper stand, bought a copy. Patricia rushed through him and gave him a quick smack on the cheek. Right then and there I observed that these two were an item. In the building where he got inside, he was looking for a guy friend named Tolmachov.. They talked about certain guys common to them. Then his friend handed him an envelope which he was not please. He was given a certain phone number that he called. Then he bid goodbye. Two gentlemen came inside the building, the bigger man I knew was an inspector. He was asking for Michel or a certain other name. At first Tomalchov denied he saw Michel but they were busted when a girl passed by and the detective asked her if he saw Tomalchov with a man 5 minutes ago. He was also reminded that accessory of a murder is a crime. I find Michel’s character rude, proud, dishonest and self centered. He likes to have everything easy without trying to work on it. Examples are the cars he stolen, the man he beat up in the comfort room so he can have money. I don’t think the respect Patricia. He â€Å"uses† people and loves to use the word â€Å"louse†. He almost always has a cigarette on her mouth which makes me annoyed. Some critic said he made it sexy but I don’t find it appealing. As usual he always has a newspaper but I don’t think he paid for it. He wore sunglassed even if its late in the afternoon which I find truly absurd. Patricia’s character gets into my nerve. I hate movies that shows women they are like a â€Å"thing to be used†. I don’t like if someone used bad words to a woman. Good for him that he told the police about Michel. The background music also bores me. They keep on using it again and again. Except for the classical music they played when they were inside Patricia’s room. There was also this scene when Patricia was interviewing a man alongside other journalist. When she asked â€Å"What’s your greatest ambiton? † The man replied, â€Å" To become immortal and then die. † Patricia took off her sunglasses, think deeply and face the camera as if connecting to the viewers. In the scene where he called the cops about Michel, she even talked to him hear to heart. She love him that’s why she gave him away which made him furious. According to Wikipedia, â€Å"Godard envisaged Breathless as a reportage (documentary), and asked the Cinematographer Raoul Coutard to shoot the entire film on a hand- held camera, with next to no lighting. In order to shoot under low light levels, Coutard had to use liford HPS film, which was not available as motion picture film stock at the time. He therefore took 18 metre lengths of HPS film sold for 35mm still cameras and spliced them together to 120 metre rolls. During development he pushed the negative one stop from 400 ASA to 800 ASA. The size of the sprocket holes for motion picture film and the Cameflex camera was the only camera that would work for the film used. † â€Å"The production was filmed on location in Paris during the months of August and September in 1959, using an Eclair Cameflex. Almost the whole film had to be dubbed in post- production because of the noisiness of the Cameflex camera and because the Cameflex was incapable of synchronized sound. † â€Å"Filming began in August 17, 1959. Godard met his crew at the Notre Dame cafe near the Hotel de Suede and shot for two hours until he ran out of ideas. Coutard has stated that the film was virtually improvised on the spot, with Godard writing lines of dialogue in an exercise book that no one else was allowed to look at. Godard would give the lines to Belmondo and Seberg while having a few brief rehearsals on scenes involved, then filming them. No permission was received to shoot the filmin its various locations (mainly the side streets and boulevards of Paris) either, adding the spontaneous feel that Godard was aiming for. However all locations were picked out before shooting began and Assistant Director Pierre Rissient has described the shoot very organized. Actor Richard Balducci has stated that shooting days ranged from 15 minutes to 12 hours, depending on how many ideas Godard had that day. Producer Georges de Beauregard wrote a letter to the entire crew complaining about the erratic shooting schedule. Coutard claims that on a day that Godard had called in sick de Beauregard bumped into the director at a cafe and the two got into a fist fight. † â€Å"Godard shot most of the film chronologically, with the exception of the first sequence which was shot towards the end of the shoot. Filming at the Hotel de Suede for the lengthy bedroom scene between Michel and Patricia included minimal crew and no lights. This location was difficult to secure, but Godard was determined to shoot there after having lives at the hotel after returning from South America in the early 1950’s. Instead of renting a dolly with complicated and time- consuming tracks to lay, Godard and Coutard rented a wheelchair for the film that Godard often pushed himself. For certain street scenes Coutard would hide in a postal cart with a hole in it for the lens and stamped packages piled on top of Coutard. Shooting lasted 23 days and ended on September 12, 1959. The final scene where Michel is shot in the street was filmed on the rue Campagne- Premiere in Paris. † It left me hanging where Michel was shoot and Patricai catched up with the detective. Their dialogue had me thinking what was the meaning of their conversation especially the word â€Å"louse†. In my research it means a plural of â€Å"lice†, a wingless usually flattened blood sucking insect parasitic on warm- blooded animals or a person who has a nasty or unethical character underserving of respect. Michel for me is the big â€Å"louse†! Frankly speaking I was not really into the film. The very first time I watched it, it was all in French with no subtitles. I tried myself to be interested with it but I just found myself bored. Good thing our teacher shared a copy with subtitle. Being a student I was diligent in all the dialougues and scenes. I was carefully observing the techniques that I’ve learn in French New Wave. I find it fascinating that during that time, Godard was a young director who was thinking outside the box. I love the confidence and the guts he puts into his film. He was even part of the film. So I tried to know him more. His most influential innovations was to design shots that seem astonishingly flat. He is the most widely imitated director of the entire post war era.